A comprehensive overview of dental biomaterials, addressing their composition, properties, manipulation, and clinical application in restorative and prosthetic dentistry. The sources cover fundamental concepts of materials science, including mechanical, physical, and chemical properties like strength, elasticity, corrosion, and adhesion, often relating these to microstructure (e.g., alloys, polymers, ceramics). Significant attention is given to specific material classes, such as amalgams, resin-based composites, impression materials, casting alloys, and dental ceramics, detailing their historical use, modern classifications, and processing techniques like casting, polymerization, and CAD-CAM milling. Furthermore, the text addresses crucial biological factors, particularly biocompatibility and the risks of adverse reactions like hypersensitivity and estrogenicity, emphasizing the role of regulatory agencies and the importance of risk assessment in material selection.
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