Step into the turbulent world of early 20th-century history as Japan and Spain navigate political upheaval, economic crises, and the rise of authoritarian rule. In Season 9, Episode 15 of *CSS Breakdown: Book by Book*, we explore Chapter 15 of Norman Lowe’s *Mastering Modern World History* to uncover how two very different nations followed unique paths to dictatorship.

Discover how Japan transitioned from democracy to military rule, its aggressive expansion leading into World War II, and Spain’s descent into civil war that paved the way for General Franco’s long-standing dictatorship. Learn how global pressures, right-wing nationalism, and domestic instability shaped these pivotal historical moments—perfect for CSS aspirants, history students, and enthusiasts of modern world history.

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