Recorded 11/1/2024 Aired 11/5/2024 The Southwest Climate Podcast hosts Zack Guido and Mike Crimmins are grateful that fall is (finally) here.  In this month’s episode, they unpack the persistent heat that hung around through October as well as blocking patterns.  They discuss the two major hurricanes that made landfall - Helene and Milton.  And get into the current ENSO forecast which is pointing to a weak La Niña.  Lastly, they dive into a couple papers as a way to think differently about ENSO and winter as they look ahead.  Buckle up as it could be a wild ride!   Mentions: The International Research Institute for Climate and Society, Columbia University Climate School: ENSO Forecast NOAA - CPC:  El Niño / Southern Oscillation (ENSO) NOAA - ENSO Blog: Revisiting La Nina and winter snowfall Climate.gov - ENSO Graphic: Typical late fall through early spring upper level jet stream positions associated with moderate to strong La Niña and El Niño events NOAA - CPC - ENSO Graphic: North American Winter Features Paper 1: Reinterpreting ENSO's Role in Modulating Impactful Precipitation Events in California Paper 2: How Well Do Seasonal Climate Anomalies Match Expected El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) Impacts? NOAA - CPC:  Three-Month Outlooks