After the fleeting escape offered by art, we confront the ultimate question: Is there a more permanent, ethical path through Schopenhauer's world of suffering? This episode delves into his profound system of ethics, which is built not on rules or commands, but on a single, powerful metaphysical insight.

The source of all wickedness, Schopenhauer argues, is the "veil of Maya"—the powerful illusion that we are all separate, isolated individuals, dividing the world into "me" and "not me." We explore how morality is a process of piercing this veil. A just person recognizes their own nature in another and refrains from harm, while a truly good person goes further, directly feeling the suffering of others as their own through compassion (Mitleid)—the sole source of genuine moral action.

This framework provides a staggering explanation for the sting of conscience and the concept of "eternal justice": the dim, terrifying awareness that in harming another, the one universal Will has turned its teeth upon itself. Ultimately, this deep insight leads to Schopenhauer's most radical conclusion: the turning away from life itself, the denial of the will to live, which he presents as the one and only path to salvation.