Welcome to Bird Flu Intel: Facts, Not Fear, on H5N1. I’m your host, and today we’re dispelling myths and arming you with reliable information about the H5N1 bird flu. As headlines continue to swirl and social media spreads rumors at light speed, let’s separate fact from fiction.

First, let’s tackle several common misconceptions making the rounds.

Myth one: H5N1 is easily transmitted between humans and could start a catastrophic pandemic at any moment. According to the World Health Organization, while there have been rare cases of human-to-human transmission, almost all infections have come from close contact with infected animals—typically poultry, but more recently cows, and sometimes wild birds. Since 2020, most human cases globally resulted from direct animal exposure, with no evidence of sustained community transmission. The current risk to the general public is considered low by both WHO and national health agencies.

Myth two: Consuming dairy or poultry products puts you at immediate risk of infection. In reality, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention stresses that pasteurized milk products and thoroughly cooked poultry remain safe for consumption. Pasteurization inactivates the virus, and there is no evidence linking cooked food to human infection. Cases where humans or animals became sick often involved handling or consuming raw, unpasteurized products or direct exposure to infected animals.

Myth three: H5N1 kills most people who catch it. This idea often stems from statistics reported from select outbreaks where only the sickest came to medical attention. For example, in Cambodia, the reported case fatality rate is around 44%, but these numbers likely overestimate risk because mild or asymptomatic cases aren’t always detected. In places like the United States, the majority of reported recent human cases have been mild or even symptom-free, especially among workers exposed to infected animals.

Now, why does misinformation about H5N1 spread so effectively, and why is it dangerous? Misinformation thrives in uncertainty, stoking fear and leading to harmful behaviors—like avoiding safe food or disregarding public health advice. It can also fuel stigma against farmers and frontline workers and, by undermining trust, hinder outbreak response. Social media and sensational headlines amplify claims without context or scientific rigor.

So, how can you evaluate information quality? Use these tools:
- Check the source: Prefer updates from agencies like WHO, CDC, and peer-reviewed science journals.
- Verify dates: What’s true today may differ from last year’s facts.
- Watch for context: Statistics and quotes are only meaningful in the full picture.
- Beware of absolutes or language designed to provoke fear.

Here’s where science stands as of late 2025. Scientists agree H5N1 is primarily an animal virus with limited ability to spread between people. Outbreaks in poultry and, more recently, dairy cows highlight the need for monitoring, vaccination, and biosecurity. Human infections remain rare, and major public health organizations continue to assess risk as low for the general population. However, continued vigilance is warranted, since the virus does occasionally mutate and swap genes with other flu strains, which is why surveillance and rapid response matter.

Legitimate uncertainties remain. For instance, researchers are still assessing the potential for future genetic changes—especially as H5N1 circulates in new species like dairy cows and pigs. And while human-to-human transmission has not caused sustained outbreaks, scientists are watching for any changes. This is an evolving story, one that demands ongoing science and sober analysis.

Thanks for tuning in to Bird Flu Intel: Facts, Not Fear, on H5N1. We’ll be back next week with more myth-busting and expert insight. This has been a Quiet Please...