In this episode of BioSpeak, we introduce RNA (Ribo-Nucleic-Acid) and explore its structure, components, and versatile functions in the cell. RNA, a single-stranded polymer of nucleotides, is distinguished by its ribose sugar and four nitrogenous bases: Adenine, Cytosine, Guanine, and Uracil. Unlike DNA, RNA is highly mobile, transferring genetic instructions from the nucleus to the cytoplasm to direct protein synthesis and even serving as an enzyme in various cellular reactions. RNA’s flexibility allows it to regulate gene expression, catalyze chemical reactions, and even store genetic information in certain viruses. We conclude by comparing RNA and DNA, noting key differences, including RNA’s ribose sugar and Uracil base, which impact its stability. In upcoming episodes, we’ll cover RNA production, processing, and its major forms.