Psalm 38 is both a lament and a penitential psalm. The singer lays his troubles before the LORD and confesses that his troubles are due to his own sins. The Psalm describes anguish of body and of mind, dissertation by his friends, and attacks by enemies.
1-8 – The singer in anguish describes his sufferings because of his sins. He refers to this anguish as the tumult of his heart. His sufferings for his sins are described as arrows from the LORD.
9-14 – The singer’s anguish intensifies as he is estranged from the LORD and from his friends. He describes intense loneliness.
15-22 – The singer ends with a confession that the LORD is his only hope in this otherwise hopeless situation. In verse 18, he confesses his iniquity, his sin. He says, I confess my iniquity; I am sorry for my sin. On this confession, he now bases his petition for salvation from his troubles.