In this episode of the Journal Committee we discuss the different machines available to assist patients when they struggle with breathing as well as what happens when the air we breathe is polluted with wildfire smoke. Our guests include a respiratory therapist and a wildland firefighter. Citations are posted below:

Bruells, C. S., Smuder, A. J., Reiss, L. K., Hudson, M. B., Nelson, W. B., Wiggs, M. P., . . . Powers, S. K. (2013). Negative Pressure Ventilation and Positive Pressure Ventilation Promote Comparable Levels of Ventilator-induced Diaphragmatic Dysfunction in Rats. Anesthesiology, 119(3), 652-662. doi:10.1097/aln.0b013e31829b3692

Corrado, A., & Gorini, M. (2002). Negative-pressure ventilation: Is there still a role? European Respiratory Journal, 20(1), 187-197. doi:10.1183/09031936.02.00302602Energy, J. (2020, April 07).

Modern iron lung designed to address ventilator shortage. Retrieved October 14, 2020, from https://newatlas.com/medical/british-engineers-modern-iron-lung-covid-19-ventilator-alternative/

Grasso, F., Engelberts, D., Helm, E., Frndova, H., Jarvis, S., Talakoub, O., . . . Kavanagh, B. P. (2008). Negative-Pressure Ventilation. American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 177(4), 412-418. doi:10.1164/rccm.200707-1004ocKurt.

O. K., Zhang, J., & Pinkerton, K. E. (2016). Pulmonary health effects of air pollution. Current Opinion in Pulmonary Medicine, 22(2), 138-143. doi:10.1097/mcp.0000000000000248

Lee, B., Kim, B., & Lee, K. (2014). Air Pollution Exposure and Cardiovascular Disease. Toxicological Research, 30(2), 71-75. doi:10.5487/tr.2014.30.2.071Liu

J. C., Pereira, G., Uhl, S. A., Bravo, M. A., & Bell, M. L. (2015). A systematic review of the physical health impacts from non-occupational exposure to wildfire smoke. Environmental Research, 136, 120-132. doi:10.1016/j.envres.2014.10.015

Liu, J. C., Wilson, A., Mickley, L. J., Dominici, F., Ebisu, K., Wang, Y., . . . Bell, M. L. (2017). Wildfire-specific Fine Particulate Matter and Risk of Hospital Admissions in Urban and Rural Counties. Epidemiology, 28(1), 77-85. doi:10.1097/ede.0000000000000556

Peters, A., Annette Peters From the Department of Environmental Health (A.P., Dockery, D., Douglas W. Dockery From the Department of Environmental Health (A.P., Muller, J., James E. Muller From the Department of Environmental Health (A.P., . . . Peters, C. (2001, June 12).

Increased Particulate Air Pollution and the Triggering of Myocardial Infarction. Retrieved October 14, 2020, from https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/01.CIR.103.23.2810Raymondos, K., Ahrens, J., & Molitoris, U. (2015).

Combined Negative- and Positive-Pressure Ventilation for the Treatment of ARDS. Case Reports in Critical Care, 2015, 1-5. doi:10.1155/2015/714902

Rep. No. EPA-452/R-19-901 (2019).

Staff, K., Boxman, K., Rolfe, F., Wu, L., DeMars, G., & Auld, A. (2020).

Hays company bringing back 'iron lungs' to help rural hospitals in need of ventilators. Retrieved October 14, 2020, from https://www.kwch.com/content/news/Hays-company-bringing-back-iron-lungs-to-help-rural-hospitals-in-need-of-ventilators-569640331.html