Professor Jane O’Hara is one of the UK’s leading voices in patient safety research. Jane is a Professor at THIS (The Healthcare Improvement Studies) Institute at the University of Cambridge, and has a wealth of experience in helping us understand safety in healthcare. In this conversation we cover a host of topics, including escalation in maternity care; resilience engineering and safety-II approaches - moving beyond error focus to understanding real work; work as imagined vs work as done; using practical tools such as FRAM; opportunities and challenges with implementation of PSIRF, the importance of conversation and shared understanding, and much more.