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On July 2nd, 1985, the European Space Agency made history with the launch of Giotto, a groundbreaking space probe destined for a close encounter with the famous Halley's Comet. Named after the 14th-century Italian painter Giotto di Bondone, who depicted Halley's Comet in his fresco "Adoration of the Magi," this plucky little spacecraft was about to embark on a cosmic adventure that would make even the most seasoned astronomer's head spin!

Giotto's mission was nothing short of audacious. It was designed to fly by Halley's Comet at a distance of just 596 kilometers (370 miles) from the comet's nucleus. To put that into perspective, that's like trying to thread a needle while riding a roller coaster... blindfolded... in space! The spacecraft was equipped with a camera and various instruments to study the comet's composition, structure, and interaction with the solar wind.

On March 14, 1986, Giotto reached its destination and made its daring flyby. Despite being pelted by dust particles and suffering damage to its camera, the little probe that could managed to send back the first-ever close-up images of a comet's nucleus. These images revealed that Halley's Comet was shaped like a giant, cosmic peanut, measuring about 15 kilometers (9.3 miles) long and 7 kilometers (4.3 miles) wide.

But Giotto wasn't done yet! After its encounter with Halley, the spacecraft was redirected for an encounter with Comet Grigg-Skjellerup in 1992, making it the first spacecraft to visit two comets. Talk about overachieving!

The Giotto mission revolutionized our understanding of comets and paved the way for future comet exploration missions. It showed us that these celestial snowballs are far more complex and fascinating than we ever imagined.

So, the next time you look up at the night sky and spot a comet, remember Giotto - the little spacecraft that braved the cosmic dust storms to bring us face-to-face with these mysterious wanderers of the solar system.

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