In this episode, we dive into the turbulent final century of the Byzantine Empire through the eyes of one of its most fascinating figures: John VI Kantakouzenos. A reluctant emperor, John inherited a crumbling empire beset by internal strife and foreign threats. While others dreamed of restoring Rome’s former glory, John envisioned a smaller, reformed state that could survive by diplomacy and pragmatism. His alliances with the rising Ottoman Turks, the Italian merchant republics, and the Serbian kingdom reveal the precarious balancing act required to hold the empire together. We also explore the destructive civil wars that fractured the ruling Palaiologos dynasty, the growing dominance of Venice and Genoa in Byzantine politics, and the meteoric rise of the Ottoman Turks—an alliance that would later become the empire’s greatest enemy. By the end of this episode, you’ll understand why the Byzantine Empire fell—and marvel at how it managed to survive as long as it did. Help support the show on Patreon! Sources and Attributions on our website. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices