Did Gough Whitlam crash through or simply crash? On this week's Afternoon Light Georgina Downer speaks with Troy Bramston about his new book, Gough Whitlam: The Vista of the New. The first full length biography of the iconic Labor PM since his passing in 2014, and one replete with lessons for Australia's present generation of political leaders. Troy Bramston is a senior writer and columnist with The Australian newspaper. His critically acclaimed book, Robert Menzies: The Art of Politics (2019), is the only full-length biography of Australia’s longest-serving prime minister published in the past 20 years. Troy wrote the introduction to the official guide to Robert Menzies’ papers published by the National Archives of Australia in 2021. He is the best-selling and award-winning author or editor of 11 books in total, including Bob Hawke: Demons and Destiny (2022), Paul Keating: The Big-Picture Leader (2016), and most recently Gough Whitlam: The Vista of the New (2025). Troy won the Australian Book Industry Award for The Dismissal (2015) co-authored with Paul Kelly. 1BUAAKCIJAI1NB7K

How did Robert Menzies develop his skillful way with words? On this week's Afternoon Light Georgina Downer speaks with Julian Leeser & Damien Freeman about the new book Fancies I Dare Not Speak: The Hidden Verse of R.G. Menzies. Revealing how poetry helped to shape the young Menzies, Australian culture, and our nation's quest to understand who we are. Julian Leeser is the Shadow Minister for Education and Early Learning and for the Arts, and Federal Member for Berowra. Dr Damien Freeman is a philosopher, lawyer, and Fellow of the Robert Menzies Institute, who wrote the introduction to the book. SPAK4T2JSOJEXT0A

What did the Iron Lady have in common with Pig Iron Bob? On this week's Afternoon Light Georgina Downer speaks with Margaret Thatcher's official biographer Charles Moore to explore her life and legacy on the centenary of her birth. Revealing how the grocer's daughter from Lincolnshire drew inspiration from the shopkeeper's son from Jeparit, in her trailblazing quest to reinvigorate Britain and defeat global communism. Charles Moore joined the staff of the Daily Telegraph in 1979, and as a political columnist in the 1980s covered several years of Mrs Thatcher's first and second governments. He was Editor of The Spectator 1984-1990; Editor of the Sunday Telegraph 1992-1995; and Editor of the Daily Telegraph 1995-2003, for which he is still a regular columnist. He was created Lord Moore of Etchingham in 2020. He is the author of the three-volume authorised biography of Margaret Thatcher, which has recently been re-released in a single-volume centenary edition. I18CSCALCJLVFOJG

Why are we so quick to try to censor opinions with which we disagree? On this week's Afternoon Light Georgina Downer speaks with Toby Young, founder of the Free Speech Union, to discuss the current fight for free debate across the Anglosphere. Giving insights into his own experience of being 'cancelled', the massive legislative encroachment on free expression, and what the FSU is doing to protect those who have been brave enough to openly speak their minds. Lord Young of Acton is the Founder and General Secretary of the Free Speech Union, co-founder of the West London Free School, and co-founder of the Knowledge Schools Trust. He is an associate editor of The Spectator, The Critic, and editor-in-chief of The Daily Sceptic. He was made a Conservative peer in 2024. The Free Speech Union is a non-partisan, mass membership public interest body that stands up for the speech rights of its members and campaigns for free speech more widely. It champions the right of people from all walks of life to express themselves without fear of punishment or persecution. It defends its members who get into trouble for exercising their right to lawful free speech, whether in the workplace, at university or on social media. GA4X7AQ8KSUFUAX2

What happens to an ex-prime minister's legacy when they repudiate the political party that would otherwise have championed it? On this week's Afternoon Light Georgina Downer speaks with Margaret Simons to unpack the complexities of the career, beliefs and impact of Australia's twenty-second prime minister Malcom Fraser. A leader whose profound contribution to our nation has sadly been obscured by their infamous role in the dismissal and later-life political apostacy. Margaret Simons is an award-winning freelance journalist and the author of many books and numerous articles and essays. She is also a journalism academic and Honorary Principal Fellow at the Centre for Advancing Journalism, University of Melbourne. Since September 2022, she has been a board member of the British based Scott Trust, which is the owner of The Guardian worldwide. Simons has won the Walkley Award for Social Equity Journalism, a Foreign Press Association Award and a number of Quill Awards, including for her reporting from the Philippines with photojournalist Dave Tacon. Her most recent work is a biography of Labor Minister for the Environment, Tanya Plibersek, released in March 2023. She co-authored Malcolm Fraser: The Political Memoirs. 19QSQ77DWMVGW8RV

How did long have politicians been dodging criticism by appointing elaborate Royal Commissions and inquiries? On this week's Afternoon Light Georgina Downer speaks with Kirsten McKenzie to explore how the famous Bigge Report denouncing Lachlan Macquarie's liberal treatment of convicts fit into a broader attempt to regulate and rationalise the kaleidoscopic British Empire, as it had emerged from the Napoleonic Wars. A discussion which reveals how our 'national' story cannot be understood in isolation, but only as something inextricably linked to the cultures and currents of a wider 'British world'. Professor Kirsten McKenzie holds the Chair in Australian History at the University of Sydney’s School of Humanities and is a Fellow of the Australian Academy of the Humanities and Fellow of the Royal Historical Society. She was recently appointed as Harvard University’s Gough Whitlam and Malcolm Fraser Visiting Professor of Australian Studies for 2026-7. Born in South Africa, Kirsten’s work focuses on British imperial history, specifically by connecting British, South African and Australian history in the period 1780 – 1850. Her latest book is Inquiring into Empire: Colonial Commissions and British Imperial Reform, 1819–1833. 1EQCL9ROSYK9L329

How did Book Week grow to become an Australian institution, inspiring children & stressing parents nation-wide? On this week's Afternoon Light Georgina Downer speaks with children's authors Jackie French & Kate O'Donnell to mark 80 years of Book Week. Exploring the annual celebration's wartime origins, the hope its founders had for promoting understanding and world peace, the role of the Children's Book Awards in promoting Aussie literature, and whose bright idea it was to introduce elaborate dress-ups and annual parades. Jackie French AM is an award-winning writer, wombat negotiator, the 2014–2015 Australian Children's Laureate and the 2015 Senior Australian of the Year. In 2016, Jackie became a Member of the Order of Australia for her contribution to children's literature and her advocacy for youth literacy. She is regarded as one of Australia's most popular children's authors and writes across all genres — from picture books, history, fantasy, ecology and sci-fi, to her much-loved historical fiction for a variety of age groups. 'A book can change a child's life. A book can change the world' was the primary philosophy behind Jackie's two-year term as Laureate. Kate O'Donnell is a Young Adult author from Melbourne. She has worked as a bookseller, editor and in digital marketing but it's a fascination for people, music, the future, as well as small, unexplored places that inspires her writing. Her first novel Untidy Towns was published in 2017, and This One is Ours was released in October 2020. She is a third generation committee member of the Children’s Book Council of Australia. JDO9999VKWUXQXBZ

Why is the Melbourne University Liberal Club (MULC) older than the Liberal Party of Australia, & what grand tales and battle scars has it developed carrying the liberal banner on a hostile campus for over a century? On a special bonus episode of the Afternoon Light podcast Georgina Downer speaks with MULC President Kai Bowie to mark 100 years since the club's formation. A very timely discussion, considering the ability of universities to foster debate and accommodate a broad range over views has never been under greater challenge Kai Bowie is the President of the Melbourne University Liberal Club, a Commerce Student and Hansen Scholar. He has served as an Army Reserve Officer Cadet, and worked as an electorate officer with David Southwick MP.  VDRGAUMALHSNZR3G

How can Australians know who we are and where we're going, without skilled historians who can map how we even got here in the first place? On this week's Afternoon Light Georgina Downer speaks with Alex McDermott to discuss the profound career and contribution of Australian historian John Hirst. An inquiring mind, who asked unorthodox questions and succeeded in explaining many of the paradoxes of our national story, including how a convict colony gave birth to one of the world's most successful liberal democracies. Alex McDermott is the Curator at the Robert Menzies Institute. An author, historian and Executive Producer, his passion is writing histories which tell the pivotal stories that help us understand how we came to be who we are today. He was Historical Curator for the “Democracy DNA” exhibition [2022] at the Museum of Australian Democracy, authored Australian History For Dummies [2022] and various commissioned histories which explore the crucial role played by civic associations in Australia’s democratic history, such as Of no personal influence: how people of common enterprise unexpectedly shaped Australia [2015] to mark the 175th anniversary of Australian Unity. Across more than two decades as a public historian he has contributed his expertise to Screen Australia, State Library of Victoria, La Trobe University, the Institute of Public Affairs, Channel 7, SBS, ABC, Sky News Documentaries and many other organisations. Alex studied under John Hirst and authored one of the forewords for the recent compilation John Hirst: Selected Writings, published by Black Inc. LGQXVK3SOGXGHJDH

Who is going to celebrate a prime minister who got kicked out of multiple political parties? On this week's Afternoon Light Georgina Downer speaks with Hugh Rogers to explore the complex career and legacy of Billy Hughes. The man who ensured that Australia had its own 'seat at the table' in international relations & won the acclaim of foreign media, but who is now most often remembered for the bitter divisions sparked by his conscription plebiscites. Hugh Rogers is a PhD candidate in History at the University of New England. His thesis title is: ‘Billy Hughes and the British press, 1916-1918’. Hugh’s first love was history, and it was one of his majors in his first degree. After completing a M.Sc. and an MBA for work-related reasons, he returned to his first love, completing a Master of History at UNE in 2023. This included a thesis comparing the performance of Hughes at the Paris Peace Conference in 1919 and Doc Evatt at the San Francisco United Nations Conference in 1945, which led him into his current research. Hugh is using the digital newspaper archives to re-examine the coverage Hughes received in the British newspapers on his two visits to Britain during the First World War. IBNLBGXJFDYZZ0MD

On 16 September 1975 Papua New Guinea gained its independence, but how well did Australia prepare its former territory for that day? On this week's Afternoon Light Georgina Downer speaks with Nicholas Ferns to unpack the ideology and policies known as 'developmentalism' - Australia's concerted attempt to help its neighbours achieve the same level of economic prosperity & political stability enjoyed in 'the lucky country'. Nicholas Ferns is an ARC DECRA Research Fellow in History at Monash University. He is a historian of development, empire, and decolonisation with a particular focus on Australia’s role in the Asia-Pacific region. His first book, Australia in the Age of International Development, 1945-1975, examined Australia’s colonial rule in Papua New Guinea and foreign aid policy in Southeast Asia and the Pacific. He is now working on his second monograph, which examines Australia’s relationship with the World Bank and its impact on development and decolonisation in Australia and Papua New Guinea. CQEB3DVTYYAJSJLE

Should India be considered a democratic success story? On this week's Afternoon Light Georgina Downer speaks with Salvatore Babones to explore the remarkable rise of democracy in India, and why it has recently become the subject of much international criticism. A story which reveals the importance of culture in maintaining democratic institutions, and how cultural differences therefore shape the differing nature of democracies around the world. Salvatore Babones is an Associate Professor at the University of Sydney whose current research focuses on the political sociology of democracy. In the past he has also published on economic development in post-socialist transition economies and quantitative methods for cross-national comparisons. He is the author or editor of fourteen books and several dozen academic research articles. His short book The New Authoritarianism: Trump, Populism, and the Tyranny of Experts was named among the Best on Politics 2018 by the Wall Street Journal. His latest book is Dharma Democracy: How India Built the Third World's First Democracy, published in 2025 by Connor Court. AWOQTUZWTUE2LBCD

If more than a third of voters are opting for Independents and minor parties, does Australia even have a two party system anymore? On this week's Afternoon Light Georgina Downer speaks with Charles Richardson and Zachary Gorman to discuss a new Robert Menzies Institute policy paper on The Future of Australia's Two Party System: Function, Flaws and Fixes. A wide ranging conversation exploring how and why Australia's party system first emerged, what are the causes of its current maladies, and how a system which once empowered the Australian electorate might yet be revived. Charles Richardson earned his PhD from Rutgers University, specialising in ethical theory and political philosophy. He worked as a ministerial adviser in the Victorian government, and later as editorial manager at the Centre for Independent Studies in Sydney. He is currently an independent scholar based in Melbourne; his research interests include the history of liberal democratic structures and the comparative study of European party systems. Charles has been a regular contributor to Crikey since 2002. He has been featured as a commentator in newspapers, radio and television. He is not affiliated with any political party. SIAALLKVXKKEWDUX

Who led Australia through the roaring 20s & was he responsible when they came to a crashing halt? On this week's Afternoon Light Georgina Downer speaks with David Lee about Australia's 8th Prime Minister Stanley Melbourne Bruce. A decorated Gallipoli veteran, architect of the Federal Coalition, and notable international diplomat, whose complexities have been obscured behind the caricature of a spats-wearing Anglophile who managed to lose his own seat at the 1929 election. David Lee is Associate Professor in the School of Humanities and Social Sciences at the University of New South Wales, Canberra. He is the author inter alia of Stanley Melbourne Bruce: Australian internationalist, the Australian Biographical Monograph on John Curtin, and The Second Rush: Mining and the Transformation of Australia. 26IQRXA40KP7HNMV

When did the widespread property ownership evoked in 'The Forgotten People' first become a cornerstone of the Australian liberal project? On this week's Afternoon Light Georgina Downer speaks with William Coleman to revive the name of one of Australia's most dominant and influential political figures, John Robertson. A fierce democrat, patriot and liberal, whose impact spread far beyond the 'Mother Colony' of New South Wales. William Coleman, currently Adjunct Professor at the University of Notre Dame, Australia, was formerly Reader in the School of Economics at ANU. He has written extensively on inflation, the history of economic thought, the contested position of economics in society, as well as major works on Australian political history. His recent publications include Only in Australia The History, Politics, and Economics of Australian Exceptionalism (2016), Their Fiery Cross of Union: A Retelling of the Creation of the Australian Federation, 1889-1914 (2021), and the Australian Biographical Monograph on John Robertson: Liberal of the People. Z4O6UANSTIBGCAOO

How did Magna Carta help lead to the birth of Australian democracy? On this week's Afternoon Light Georgina Downer speaks with Zachary Gorman to mark 800 years since King Henry III gave his consent to the most famous document in political and legal history. Rescuing Magna Carta from potential obscurity after the 1215 version had been annulled by the Pope on the grounds that it had been signed under duress. Dr Zachary Gorman is the author of Summoning Magna Carta: Freedom's Symbol Over A Millenium. A book which traces the history of the Charter from its Anglo-Saxon precursors, all the way up to its invocation by William Wentworth to win Australian self-government in the 1850s. A tale which reveals the centrality of history, culture, and what Robert Menzies dubbed 'a sense of continuity' in winning and upholding our freedoms. HD4JHX43OKADOKBM

How different would Britain have looked if the Conservative Party won the 1945 election? On this week's Afternoon Light Georgina Downer speaks with Kit Kowol to discuss the grand and unrealised Conservative vision for the post-war world. A fascinating tale of utopianism, factionalism, and historical what-ifs, that serve to highlight how Menzies's vision of Australian liberalism was quite distinct from its British equivalents. Kit Kowol received his PhD in Politics from Oxford University in 2014. He subsequently taught and researched at Teesside University, Christ Church (University of Oxford), and King's College London, where he was an Early Career Development Fellow in Modern British History. He is the author of Blue Jerusalem: British Conservatism, Winston Churchill, and the Second World War. He now lives and works in Brisbane, Australia. HEOEMBL1NFSSSLM3

How did a play help to transform child custody laws? On this week's Afternoon Light Georgina Downer speaks with Wendy Michaels OAM to tell the story of conservative feminist trailblazer Millicent Preston Stanley MP. A tireless campaigner for both Australian liberalism and women's rights, who weaved a remarkable career as an activist, parliamentarian, journalist, performer and even playwright. Dr Wendy Michaels OAM has had a distinguished career as an academic, educator, consultant, writer, and festival director. Before her retirement she was a lecturer in the School of Humanities at the University of Newcastle. Wendy’s awards include an Order of Australia Medal for services to women and to the dramatic arts, a National Council of Women Award for Promoting the Status of Women, a JEDA Award for Drama Writing, Honorary Life Membership of Drama NSW for service to Drama in Education, and the Minister for Education Award for Excellence in Tertiary Teaching. She has published poetry, plays and stories for children and numerous articles and books. Her latest is A Battle-axe in the Bear Pit: Millicent Preston Stanley MP. ZZABNIZT5GJVMUJT

Why does the term 'liberal' mean such vastly different things in Australia and America? On this week's Afternoon Light Georgina Downer speaks with Greg Melleuish to discuss the evolution of political terms. With phrases like 'progress' and 'social justice' meaning vastly different things to different people, and leaving us susceptible to imposing our modern values in misinterpreting texts from the past Greg Melleuish is a professorial fellow of the Robert Menzies Institute. Before his recent retirement, he was a professor in the School of Humanities and Social Inquiry at the University of Wollongong, where he taught, among other things, Australian politics. He has written widely on Australian political thought, including Cultural Liberalism in Australia (Cambridge University Press, 1995) and Despotic State or Free Individual (Australian Scholarly Publishing, 2014). CFOGI0CWDZYBNB2I

Why do people think that Australian history is boring & what can we do to change that? On this week's Afternoon Light Georgina Downer speaks with David Hunt, author of the award-winning Girt series, to reveal some of the funnier facts of Australian history and explore how we can get more people to engage with it. David Hunt is a bestselling author, historian, satirist, television presenter, podcaster and speaker. His first book with Black Inc., Girt won Nonfiction Book of the Year in the 2014 Indie Awards, and was shortlisted for an Australian Book Industry Award and NSW Premier’s Literary Award. The sequel, True Girt: The Unauthorised History of Australia Volume 2, continued David’s career as Australia’s most successful writer whose titles all include the word girt and whose book covers gratuitously depict Australian historical figures being crapped on by native birds. Girt Nation, the third volume of The Unauthorised History of Australia, hit the shelves in November 2021. SZRGOGAU3HLMAEEN