The Parasnath controversy revolves around the religious and cultural significance of Parasnath Hill, also known as Sammed Shikharji, which is revered by both the Jain and Santhal communities. The Jains consider it a sacred pilgrimage site where 20 out of 24 Tirthankaras attained salvation. 

The Santhals, on the other hand, regard the hill as their supreme deity, Marang Buru. This dual significance has led to conflicts, particularly regarding the hill's development as a tourist spot and the traditional hunting practices of the Santhals.